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A computer worm is a type of self-replicating malware that spreads across networks without user intervention. Unlike a virus, a worm does not need to attach to a host file and can operate independently to infect as many systems as possible by exploiting network vulnerabilities. Worms consume network bandwidth and system resources, can delete or change files, and may carry a "payload" that installs other types of malware like ransomware.

How worms spread

Network vulnerabilities: Worms can automatically spread by exploiting security holes in networks and software.

Email and messaging: They can be transmitted through malicious email attachments or links, or via instant messaging platforms.

File sharing: Worms can spread through peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing networks.

External devices: They can infect devices like USB drives and external hard drives, spreading from one computer to another when the infected device is connected.