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Wi-Fi, which stands for Wireless Fidelity, is a wireless networking technology that enables electronic devices to connect seamlessly to a network via radio frequencies. The network called a Wireless Local Area Network (or “WLAN” for short) allows devices like smartphones, tablets, laptops, and computers to connect to the internet and communicate with one another with no physical cables required, like the case with Ethernet ports.

Most wireless networks are typically set up using a router, which acts as a hub that transmits the wireless signal or Wi-Fi frequency. Given the simplicity and ease of access, Wi-Fi networks have become mainstream across various venues, including commercial offices, airports, hotels, coffee shops, libraries, and other public spaces. This, however, raises security concerns as some public networks lack the proper security protocols, making it possible for hackers to access and steal personal or confidential information.

Wi-Fi works by transmitting radio waves in various frequencies to provide wireless internet and network connections at varying speeds. Commonly grouped into 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz frequency ranges, generally, the higher the Wi-Fi band frequency, the faster the internet speeds. Wi-Fi originated in Hawaii in 1971, where a wireless UHF packet network called ALOHAnet was used to connect the islands. Later protocols developed in 1991 by NCR and AT&T-called WaveLAN- became the precursor to the IEEE 802.11 standards.