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System software is the essential software that controls and manages a computer's hardware and provides a platform for application software to run. It operates at a low level, handling tasks like memory, processor, and file management, and includes components such as operating systems (like Windows or macOS), device drivers, and utility programs. Unlike application software, which is used for specific tasks, system software runs automatically to ensure the computer's fundamental operations are maintained.

Key functions and characteristics

Manages hardware: System software acts as an intermediary between the hardware and applications, controlling resources like the CPU, memory, and peripherals.

Provides a platform: It creates a foundation that allows other software, like word processors or browsers, to run on the computer.

Handles core operations: It runs in the background to manage fundamental functions, including file management, security, and scheduling.

Includes essential components: Examples of system software include operating systems, device drivers, compilers, and utility programs like disk defragmenters or antivirus software.

Operates independently: It runs automatically when the computer starts, while application software requires user initiation to launch.

Foundation for user interaction: It provides the user interface that allows users to interact with the computer and its applications.