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System resources are the physical and virtual components of a computer that a limited supply of and are managed by the operating system to allow hardware and software to function together. These include hardware like the CPU, memory (RAM), and storage, as well as software-related elements such as network connections, files, and internal pointers. Examples of major resource types are Interrupt Requests (IRQs), Direct Memory Access (DMA) channels, and Input/Output (I/O) ports.

Types of system resources

CPU: The processing power of the computer.

Memory: Random Access Memory (RAM) where data is temporarily stored for active use.

Storage: The hard disk or solid-state drive space where files and the operating system are permanently stored.

Network: Bandwidth and connections used for data transmission.

Peripherals: Any device connected to the computer, such as a printer, keyboard, or mouse.

Internal components: Specific hardware elements like IRQ lines, DMA channels, and I/O port addresses are crucial for the operating system to manage devices.

Virtual resources: Operating system-level resources such as internal tables, pointers, and network connections that track and manage other resources.