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A scroll bar is a graphical user interface element on a computer that allows users to move the viewable area of content up, down, left, or right. It typically appears as a narrow bar along the side or bottom of a window and contains a movable thumb (or "elevator") to drag the content and arrow buttons to scroll incrementally.

How a scroll bar works

Dragging the thumb: Clicking and dragging the "thumb" moves the content proportionally to the movement of the thumb.

Clicking the track: Clicking the area of the scroll bar above or below the thumb scrolls the content by a full "page" at a time.

Clicking the arrows: Clicking the arrow buttons at either end of the scroll bar moves the content incrementally, one line or unit at a time.

Components of a scroll bar

Thumb: The draggable part that moves along the track. It is also called the "scroll box," "elevator," or "puck" in various environments.

Track: The background area in which the thumb moves, representing the total scrollable range.

Arrow buttons: Located at one or both ends of the scroll bar for incremental scrolling.