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Ruby is a dynamic, open-source, object-oriented programming language known for its simple, readable, and elegant syntax. Created by Yukihiro Matsumoto in the 1990s, it is widely used for web development, often in conjunction with the Ruby on Rails framework, and for system administration. Its design prioritizes programmer productivity and ease of use, making it a popular choice for both beginners and experienced developers.

Key characteristics of Ruby

Object-oriented: In Ruby, everything is an object, and the language is built around this principle.

Dynamic and interpreted: Ruby code is executed line-by-line by an interpreter, and data types are checked at runtime rather than during compilation.

User-friendly syntax: Ruby's syntax is designed to be intuitive and often reads like natural English, which lowers the barrier to entry for new programmers.

Flexible: The language allows for a high degree of flexibility, enabling developers to redefine or alter core parts of the language if needed.

Open-source: Ruby is free to use, modify, and distribute, which has fostered a large community and a rich ecosystem of shared libraries called "gems".

Cross-platform: Ruby can be run on various operating systems, enhancing its portability.