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In computer science, iteration is the process of repeatedly executing a set of instructions or code. It is used to automate repetitive tasks, process large amounts of data, and solve problems that require repeating steps until a specific condition is met. This is typically achieved using loops, such as for, while, and do-while loops, which control how many times the instructions are repeated.

Key aspects of iteration

Loops: These are the structures that implement iteration, for loop: Repeats a set of instructions a predetermined number of times, while loop: Repeats as long as a specific condition remains true, do-while loop: Executes the code block at least once before checking the condition to see if it should repeat.

Purpose: Iteration helps in writing more efficient and concise code by avoiding redundancy.

Application: It is a fundamental concept in programming used for tasks like data processing and algorithm refinement.

Methodologies: Iteration is a core principle in software development methodologies like Agile, where projects are broken down into smaller iterations or "sprints".

Control: Iterations can be controlled using variables that track the number of repetitions (counter variable) and conditions that determine when to stop (termination condition).