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I/O, or Input/Output, is how a computer communicates with the outside world, involving the transfer of data between the computer and its peripherals or other systems. Input refers to data sent to the computer, like from a keyboard or mouse, while output is data sent from the computer, such as to a monitor or printer. This two-way communication is essential for receiving commands, displaying results, and interacting with users or other devices.

Input Definition: Data or signals received by the computer from an external source.

Output Definition: Data or signals sent from the computer to an external device.

I/O devices Definition: Hardware that performs either input, output, or both.

Input devices: Convert physical actions into data the computer can understand (e.g., keyboard, mouse).

Output devices: Convert data from the computer into a form humans can perceive or machines can use (e.g., monitor, printer).

Input/Output devices: Perform both functions (e.g., network cards, modems, storage drives).