HTTPS
HTTPS, which stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, is a protocol that secures communication over a computer network, most commonly the internet. It encrypts data exchanged between a web browser and a website, protecting sensitive information like passwords and credit card numbers from being intercepted. This is achieved by combining the standard HTTP with SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security) and can be identified by an "https://" in the URL and a padlock icon in the browser bar.
Key features of HTTPS
Encrypted connection: HTTPS encrypts data in transit, meaning it is scrambled and unreadable to anyone who might try to eavesdrop.
Data integrity: It verifies that the data you send to a website and the data you receive from it has not been tampered with during transmission.
Authentication: It verifies the identity of the website you are connecting to, confirming that you are communicating with the legitimate server and not a fraudulent one.
Secure identifier: A valid security certificate, typically an SSL/TLS certificate, is required for a website to use HTTPS.
Browser indicators: Modern web browsers display a padlock icon in the address bar for HTTPS sites. Clicking it can show details about the certificate, such as the issuing authority. Browsers may also show a "not secure" warning for non-HTTPS sites or sites with an invalid certificate.