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A gateway is a hardware or software device that acts as a bridge, allowing different computer networks to communicate with each other by translating data between them. It functions as an entry and exit point, enabling your local network to connect to other networks, like the internet, and also provides security by filtering traffic. While historically separate, the term can also refer to the function of a modern router or modem that connects a local network to the internet.

Function and purpose

Connects dissimilar networks: A gateway's primary role is to connect networks that use different protocols or have different architectures.

Translates data: It translates data into a compatible format for the receiving network, ensuring smooth communication.

Acts as an entry/exit point: It's the node that all traffic must pass through to leave or enter a specific network.

Provides security: Gateways can include advanced security features like firewalls to filter and monitor traffic, protecting the internal network from unauthorized access.