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Firmware is a type of software that is embedded in the hardware of a device and provides the basic instructions for it to operate. It is stored on a non-volatile memory chip, such as a ROM or flash memory chip, and controls how the hardware components of a device communicate and function. Firmware can be thought of as a bridge between the hardware and the higher-level software, like the operating system.

Function: Firmware allows a device to boot up and perform its basic functions. For example, the BIOS or UEFI on a computer is firmware that starts the hardware and loads the operating system.

Nature: It is a hybrid of hardware and software; it is software, but it is stored directly on the hardware in a way that is not meant to be changed as frequently as regular software.

Updates: While some firmware is permanent, much of it can be updated to improve performance, fix bugs, patch security vulnerabilities, or add new features.