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C++ is a powerful, general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that evolved from the C language. Developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979, it was initially known as "C with Classes" before being renamed C++ in 1983.

Key characteristics and features of C++ include:

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): C++ supports core OOP principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. This allows for the creation of modular, reusable, and easily maintainable code through the use of classes and objects.

Performance: C++ is known for its high performance and efficiency, making it suitable for applications that require significant computational power, such as game development, operating systems, and high-performance computing.

Memory Management: It provides both manual and automatic memory management capabilities, allowing developers fine-grained control over memory allocation and deallocation.

Standard Template Library (STL): The STL is a robust library that provides a collection of pre-built data structures (like vectors, lists, maps) and algorithms, significantly enhancing developer productivity.

Compatibility with C: C++ maintains a high degree of compatibility with the C language, allowing for seamless integration of C code within C++ projects.

Portability: C++ code can be compiled and run on various platforms, offering good portability across different operating systems and hardware architectures.

Compiled Language: C++ is a compiled language, meaning source code is translated into machine-executable code before execution, which contributes to its performance.