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Thunderbolt 3 is a high-performance hardware interface that utilizes the USB-C connector to provide up to 40 Gbps of bi-directional data transfer, support for dual 4K displays, external graphics (eGPUs), and up to 100W of power delivery. It integrates multiple protocols, including PCI Express and DisplayPort, into a single, versatile cable for connecting docks, peripherals, and multiple devices in a daisy-chain setup, while also supporting standard USB devices.

Key Components and Features

USB-C Connector: Thunderbolt 3 uses the reversible USB-C connector, which simplifies connections and is compatible with standard USB devices.

High Bandwidth: It offers up to 40 Gbps of bi-directional bandwidth, making it significantly faster than USB 3.1, and can support high-resolution displays.

Display Capabilities: A single Thunderbolt 3 port can drive two 4K monitors at 60 Hz or a single 5K display.

Power Delivery: The interface can provide up to 100W of power to a computer and up to 15W to external devices, supporting "single-cable" laptop charging and docking solutions.

Data Transfer & Protocols: Thunderbolt 3 integrates PCI Express for high-speed data access to external storage and DisplayPort for video, offering a versatile connection for various devices.

Daisy-Chaining: It allows you to connect up to six Thunderbolt 3 devices in a series from a single port, reducing cable clutter and simplifying your setup.

External Graphics Support: Thunderbolt 3 enables the connection of external graphics processing units (eGPUs), allowing thin and light laptops to handle demanding games and professional applications.

Compatibility: It supports multiple protocols, including USB, Thunderbolt, DisplayPort, and even a 10 GbE network connection between two computers, ensuring broad interoperability.