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A surge protector is an electrical device designed to protect your computer and other sensitive electronics from damaging voltage spikes. Also known as a surge suppressor, it prevents sudden increases in electrical pressure from causing hardware failure, data loss, or a shortened device lifespan.

How a surge protector works

A surge protector acts as a barrier between your equipment and the power outlet by diverting excess voltage away from connected devices.

Normal operation: When electricity is flowing at a safe voltage, typically around 120 volts in the US, the surge protector allows the power to pass through normally.

During a power surge: When voltage increases unexpectedly, internal components activate to absorb or reroute the extra electricity. The most common component is a metal oxide varistor (MOV), which dynamically changes its resistance to divert the excess current to the outlet's ground wire.