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A projector is an output device that projects an image or video signal onto a large surface, like a screen or wall, using a powerful light source and a lens. As a computer component, it receives data from a PC via an input cable and processes the signal to generate the final image.

Though specific designs vary by technology, every digital projector contains the following key components:

Light source: The component that generates the bright, white light used to create the image. Image engine: This processes the light from the source to form the image. The technology used here defines the projector type:

Digital Light Processing (DLP): Uses a digital micromirror device (DMD) chip containing millions of microscopic mirrors.

Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS): A hybrid technology that uses reflective liquid crystal panels. It functions similarly to LCD but is known for delivering higher contrast and deeper black levels.

Optical system (lens): A set of magnifying lenses and mirrors that focuses the processed image from the image engine and projects it onto the viewing surface.

Mainboard: The electronic circuit board that serves as the "brain" of the projector. It contains the central processing unit (CPU) and other components needed to decode and translate the input signal into a displayable image.

Cooling system: A system of fans and heat sinks designed to protect the light source and internal electronics from overheating.

Connectivity ports: A panel of interfaces used to receive signals from a computer or other video source.